Seborrheic dermatitis, or seborrheic eczema, is a skin disorder that affects the scalp, face, torso, or anywhere that is rich in sebum glands. Dandruff and cradle cap are forms of this inflammatory skin disorder. It appears as scaly, flaky, itchy red skin. Although the causes of seborrheic dermatitis are unknown, there are many factors that appear to contribute to it. A common yeast found on the skin known as Malassezia seems to be a major contributor to a flare-up but it isn’t a proven fact. The yeast produces a toxic substance that irritates and inflames the skin. Patients with this disorder seem to have a reduced resistance to the yeast and the toxic substance. The growth of the yeast is aided by fatty acids. Other causes seem to be genetic, hormonal, and environmental. It is aggravated by illness, psychological factors, fatigue, season changes, and reduced general health. The symptoms begin to appear gradually and the first sign is dandruff flakes. It starts to appear on the face, behind the ears, and areas where the skin folds. These areas become red and flaky. The flakes can be yellow, white, or grayish. In rare cases, it shows up on the eyelashes, foreheads, and the sides of the nose. In severe cases, yellow, reddish, scaly pimples begin to appear. Hair loss can be a side effect if severe cases aren’t treated. Topical treatment seems to work the best. Shampoos, cleansers, creams, and lotions that contain antifungal, anti-inflammatory, sebo-suppressive, or keratolyte ingredients in them can control seborrheic dermatitis. A diet high in antioxidants and beta-carotene help control this disorder, as well. Some preventative measures, such as good hygiene, a healthy scalp, and keeping the hair short, can help the disorder, as well.